It is important to protect your own mental health and not put yourself in situations where drugs are being used. Misusing prescription cough medicine can lead to nausea and dizziness, and in some cases, seizures and overdose. Cough and cold medicines taken as instructed can be safe and effective. But misusing them can have harmful results. This lesson, provides scientific information about teen brain development and the effect of drugs and alcohol use on the brain.
These community activities are designed to help students in grades 6 through 12 learn about the effects of drug use These school activities are designed to help students in grades 6 through 12 learn about the effects of drug use Content on this site is available for your use and may be reproduced in its entirety without permission from NIDA.
Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. Cough and Cold Medicines. Expand All What happens to your brain when you misuse cough or cold medicines? What happens to your body when you misuse cough or cold medicines? Short-Term Effects DXM misuse can cause: loss of coordination numbness feeling sick to the stomach increased blood pressure faster heart beat vision changes slurred speech feeling very excited in rare instances when DXM is taken with decongestants, lack of oxygen to the brain, creating lasting brain damage Promethazine-codeine cough syrup misuse can cause: slowed heart rate slowed breathing high doses can lead to overdose and death Cough and cold medicines are even more dangerous when taken with alcohol or other drugs.
Long-term effects of cough and cold medicines are not known. Dextromethorphan is in a class of medications called antitussives. It works by decreasing activity in the part of the brain that causes coughing.
Dextromethorphan comes as a liquid-filled capsule, a chewable tablet, a dissolving strip, a solution liquid , an extended-release long-acting suspension liquid , and a lozenge to take by mouth. It is usually taken every 4 to 12 hours as needed. Follow the directions on the package or prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand.
Dextromethorphan should only be used according to the label or package directions. Do not take more than the recommended amount of dextromethorphan in a hour period.
Refer to the package or prescription label to determine the amount contained in each dose. Taking dextromethorphan in large amounts can cause serious side effects or death. Dextromethorphan comes alone and in combination with antihistamines, cough suppressants, and decongestants. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice on which product is best for your symptoms. Check nonprescription cough and cold product labels carefully before using 2 or more products at the same time.
These products may contain the same active ingredient s and taking them together could cause you to receive an overdose. This is especially important if you will be giving cough and cold medications to a child. Nonprescription cough and cold combination products, including products that contain dextromethorphan, can cause serious side effects or death in young children.
Do not give these products to children younger than 4 years of age. If you give these products to children years of age, use caution and follow the package directions carefully. If you are giving dextromethorphan or a combination product that contains dextromethorphan to a child, read the package label carefully to be sure that it is the right product for a child of that age.
But large quantities can cause dangerous side effects, including loss of consciousness, seizures, brain damage, and death. One particularly dangerous side effect of DXM is hyperthermia — extremely high fever. This is a big problem in hot environments or when DXM users physically exert themselves, like while dancing at a club.
High body temperatures can quickly lead to brain damage or a coma. It's possible to overdose on too much DXM, especially if it's in pure powder form. For a full list of DXM-containing cough medicines, click here. Were you previously aware that cough medicines were something teens could abuse? Look for the Stop Medicine Abuse icon on medicine boxes and bottle.
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