More information. Supplementary notes. Other statistics on the topic. State of Health Total number of U. Aaron O'Neill. Research expert covering historical data. Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. Profit from additional features by authenticating your Admin account.
Then you will be able to mark statistics as favourites and use personal statistics alerts. Please log in to access our additional functions. Yes, let me download! Exclusive Corporate feature. Corporate Account. Statista Accounts: Access All Statistics. Basic Account. You only have access to basic statistics. Single Account. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. Corporate solution including all features. Olaudah Equiano, an African captured as a boy who later wrote an autobiography, recalled.
When I looked round the ship too and saw a large furnace of copper boiling, and a mulititude of black people of every description chained together, every one of their countenances expressing dejection and sorrow, I no longer doubted of my fate and quite overpowered with horrow and anguish, I fell motionless on the deck and fainted.
I asked if we were not to be eaten by those white men with horrible looks, red faces and long hair? Their "living quarters" was often a deck within the ship that had less than five feet of headroom -- and throughout a large portion of the deck, sleeping shelves cut this limited amount of headroom in half. With to people packed in a tiny area5 -- an area with little ventilation and, in some cases, not even enough space to place buckets for human waste -- disease was prevalent.
According to Equiano, "The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us. This produced copious perspirations, so that the air soon became unfit for respiration, from a variety of loathsome smells, and brought on a sickness among the slaves, of which many died.
But even the choice of suicide was taken away from these persons. From the captain's point of view, his human cargo was extremely valuable and had to be kept alive and, if possible, uninjured. A slave who tried to starve him or herself was tortured. People were loaded in so close together that one captain described them as being 'like books on a shelf'.
Loose pack - fewer enslaved people were loaded, giving them more space to lie out. More enslaved people survived the voyage, so less money was lost. Sickness on board a slave ship would often spread to the crew as well, killing many. The death rate among the enslaved people however, was horrific.
It is estimated that 15—16 per cent of enslaved people died on the Middle Passage.
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